The most relevant would be Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP), or measles virus. In addition, recent studies link the use of toothpaste or a history of appendectomy as environmental factors related to the disease. On the other hand, it has been shown that breastfeeding or contact with animals in childhood may be protective factors against the disease.
Individuals with Crohn’s disease, a chronic inflammatory bowel condition, may be at an increased risk for developing gum disease. This is due to the fact that both conditions involve inflammation in the body, which can affect the health of the gums.
One study showed that people with Crohn’s disease needed more interventions at the dentist than healthy people of a similar age. The same was true, to a lesser extent, of people with ulcerative colitis. What this means for people with IBD is that there needs to be a focus on keeping teeth healthy, as well as dealing with the other problems IBD brings.
It affects the entire gastrointestinal tract, but lesions predominate in the terminal ileum and colon. In addition to the genetic susceptibility of patients, the interaction with environmental factors has to be present. CD appears to be the result of an alteration in the commensal microbiota of the gut. This may be altered by diet, drug use, smoking, or infectious processes.
Connection Between Crohn’s Disease and Gum Disease
Research has shown that individuals with Crohn’s disease are more likely to experience gum disease compared to those without the condition. The inflammation present in Crohn’s disease can weaken the immune system, making it more difficult for the body to fight off infections, including those that affect the gums.
In Crohn’s disease, any part of your small or large intestine can be involved. In some people, the disease is only in the colon, which is part of the large intestine. Crohn’s disease most commonly affects the last part of the small intestine (ileum) and parts of the colon.
Some people with Crohn’s disease develop problems with their mouth or tongue. Deficiencies in iron and B vitamins can cause glossitis, which is inflammation and swelling of your tongue. Crohn’s disease often causes chronic digestive symptoms, such as diarrhea and nausea, that can interfere with your body’s ability to absorb nutrients. Researchers estimate that 65% to 75% of people with Crohn’s disease have malnutrition. If you have Crohn’s or Colitis, it is important that you try to eat a balanced diet, especially during a flare.
Symptoms of Gum Disease in Individuals with Crohn’s Disease
Dental providers can facilitate early diagnosis by recognizing the oral signs of this gastrointestinal condition. Proper oral hygiene includes brushing two to three times a day, flossing daily and visiting your dentist for regular exams and cleanings. Many studies show that people with Crohn’s disease have a less diverse community of gut bacteria.
Common symptoms of gum disease include red, swollen, or bleeding gums, bad breath, and receding gums. In individuals with Crohn’s disease, these symptoms may be more pronounced due to the underlying inflammation in the body.
It is important for individuals with Crohn’s disease to pay close attention to their gum health and visit a dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings.
Prevention and Treatment
Practicing good oral hygiene, such as brushing and flossing regularly, can help prevent gum disease in individuals with Crohn’s disease. Additionally, maintaining a healthy diet and managing stress levels can also contribute to overall gum health.
If gum disease does develop, treatment options may include deep cleanings, antibiotics, and in severe cases, surgery.
By staying vigilant about oral health and working closely with healthcare providers, individuals with Crohn’s disease can effectively manage and prevent gum disease. Remember, early detection and intervention are key to maintaining a healthy smile.
